Magneto



Patented Jan. 2, 1923.

UNITED STATES 1,441,019 PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY J. MORAN, OF CONCORD, NEW HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNOR OF ONEJ'IALF TO ALFRED F. HASURY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

manure.

Application filed October 21, 1920. Serial No. 418,492.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, HENRY J. MORAN, a citizen of the United States, residing in ew the city of Concord, in the State of useful Improvements in Magnetos, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawing,

- forming a part hereof.

ficiency. Such This invention relates to a magneto of the inductor type in which current is induced in a stationary winding by efi'ecting flux reversals in the core thereof. Magnetos of this type have'been proposed, but have ve definite limitations and objections, the chief one of which is directly related to the ef known types of magnetos have their parts so related as to require the inclusion of a great number of air gaps with consequent flux leakage and reluctance in the flux path. To meet the limitations in such known machines their capacities have been increased by enlarging the elements and particularly the permanent magnets. Such known machines are further open to the objections of cost and bulk.

' The principal ob'ect of the present invention is to provi e an inductor magneto which shall be Simple in construction, inexpensive to manufacture, compact in structure and built up with itsparts readily accessible so as to facilitate their assembling and removal by a perfectly unskilled workman. More particularly the invention seeks to reduce to a minimum, in a machine of this character, the number of air gaps and to provide for the flux the shortest and least reluctant path possible between the pole pieces so that the efliciency shall be maintained at the highest point. Still another object is to provide in an inductor magneto flux pieces which are of such form and relaand. S poles, is

magneto embodying the invention. Figure 21s a view in vertical section taken on the diameter of the rotor of the machine shown in Figure l. ampshire, have invented certain new and Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view through the rotor shown in Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a detail View in elevation of one of the supporting pole pieces for the ma nets.

igure 5 is a fragmentary view in side elevation of the pole piece shown ,in F igure 4.

Figure 6 is flux pieces of ures 2 and 3.

The cast base a of the magneto is one of any suitable nonmagnetic material and supports a rotating shaft 1) on which is keyed a rotorc of nonmagnetic material. Permanent magnets d, 6 having poles marked N and are set in juxtaposition to one another and straddling the rotor. In opposite ends of the base care supported magnetic pole rings f, 9 formed with angle gieces f, g respectively, on which rest the poles of the magnets d, e. S aced preferably equi-distant from the po e pieces f, g is a rin pole piece It supported on the base a and ormed with an angle piece h which is set on the other side of the rotor from the aforementioned angle pieces f, g to support the other poles N of the magnets d, c. lVithin the magnets d, e, betweentheir N supported a winding 2'. in which the current is to be induced and this winding has extending therethrough a permeable core I: of generally horseshoe shape terminating in pole pieces Zr, k at its opposite ends, of arcuate form and concentric to the rotor c. In order to induce axcurrent in the winding i a path for 'the'flux must be provided from the N poles of themagnets d, e to the core is and from thence to the S poles. A reversal of this flux within the core is must then be effected periodically. To accomplish this in the present construction, suitable flux pieces of permeable-material, such as soft iron, are mounted on the periphery'of the nonmagnetic rotor c and these flux pieces are of such form and relation to each other and to the other parts as the rotor illustrated in Figto provide free paths for the fluxfrom the proper poles of the magnets d, e to the core Zr at such times as to bring about the efficient induction of current in the winding As a schematic projection of the oi? the magnets d, c.

time that the wing Z is is to the pole piece tour air gaps, to W1i3, ,it to the mug at; from the wing it to the tween permanent magnets is ii'l'orded.

shown in Figure 6, one of these flux pieces is formed as a ring Z which encircles the rotor 0, preferably within the plane of the pole ring 7', and is provided with a wing Z adapted to extend longitudinally of the rotor and lie under the pole piece is or the core a when the rotor is in certain positions. When the wing Z lies under the pole piece it it is evident that a permeable path for the flux between the pole piece 7" and the core is is afforded and by reason of the coincidence of the circular pole piece with the circular flux member] "'he flux has an air path of large cross sectional area.

At the other end t the rotor c there is supported on its periphery a flux piece on oi ring torm lying directly within the circular pole piece 9 and having a wing m extend ing longitudinally of the pole piece and adapt-ed to lie under the pole piece 76 0f the core when the rotor isin a certain position. The wing m is posiioned on the periphery or" the rotor 0 180 from the wing Z, so that these wings are brought into position under the pole pieces 70', a", respectively, 180 apart. Intermediate the flux pieces Z, on and mounted on the periphery of the rotor 0 and lying preferably within and in line with the circular pole piece it is another flux piece a, generally ring shaped but havingtwo wing portions a, n extendingin opposite directions longitudinally of the rotor 0 and disposed at diametrically opposite points on its periphery. In the illustrated form, the wing a extends substantially in line with the wing Z and is adapted to rest under the pole piece 70 when the wing Z rests under the pole piece 13. In this construction the wing it extends in line withthe wing m and is adapted to rest under the pole piece 70 when the wing m rests under the pole piece Z0 I I c In understanding the operation or the magneto it is important to remember that the circular pole pieces f and g are magnetized S poles by the S poles oi the mag nets (Z, a, and that the circular pole piece h is magnetized as an l l pole by the N poles .rrccordingly, when the wing it or the flux piece 7:, is brought into alinernent with the pole piece 70 at the same brought into alinement with the pole piece 70, a short. and ready flux path is provided from the pole piece 72,, which is an N pole, throughthe core which'is an S pole. In following this path the flux encounters only that from pole piece pole piece 70 from the pole piece 70 to the wing Z and from the ring Z to the ring of the pole piece f. The reduction of the number of air gaps to tour in a magneto of this kind is novel where complete iluv: path be- The flux paths shortened in the present construction by the use of the peculiar flux pieces and the reluctance oi the path is 1naterially decreased by the provision of cir Icular pole pieces which are oi? great cross area to receive the flux. With the the core is from right to left viewed in Figltire 2 in the manner described, it is to be'assumed that the rotor will be turned through an angle of 180. 'llhereupon the wing it is brought under the pole piece is while the wing m is brought under the pole piece c Accordingly, the flux. from the N pole will find a path to the the pole piece 70 and will leave the core through the pole piece 72 returning through the wing m to the S pole piece termed as the ring g oi the pole piece g. rrccordingly, a reversal of flux in the core is has been etlected with the induction of current in the coil Z- in a manner which will be understood. Continued rotation of section al iiux travelmg through the rotor 0 will effect alternate reversals as will. be clear. The flux pieces Z, m and a will not change t ieir polarity nor will they need to be c -agnetiaed at any about the desired reversals The core is alone will be demagnetizcdby changing the direction olfthe flux entering periodically;

From the description given it is believed that the advantages accruing in cheapness, compactness and increased efliciencyin an electrical sens will be apparent.

I claim asrny invention:

1. In a magneto of the inductor type in combination a rotor, permanent magnets, two flux carrying magnet extensions, one or said extensions being channel shape and the other l-shapc, a nonmagnetic base in which said extensions are supported in opposed relation to one another and parallel to the rotor, the leg of the T-shaped extension extending between the two legs 01. the channel extension, the respective legs being spaced axially and having the same axis, a coil szjipported within the magnets, a core there for, and flux pieces carried with the rotor and adapted to lead the flux alternately to opposite ends of said core upon rotation of the rotor.

2. In a magneto of the inductor'type in combination with permanent magnets, a nonmagnetic base for the machine, a ring supported on the base at each end thereof, brackets carried by said rings for the support of one end of said magnets, a third ring supported on the base intermediate the time to bring 1n the core 70, p

two ii-st named rings and having a bracket supporting the other end of said magnets, said rings taking the-polarity of the ends of the magnets which they support, a rotor or": nonmagnetic material supported within said r a coil and core "therefor supported within the inagnets i, circular iiux pieces mounted on the periphery of the rotor in line with the respective rings, said flux pieces being of such form and disposition as to establish alternately upon rotation of the rotor throu h 180 flux paths between the different poles of the magnets and the opposite ends of the said core.

3. In a magneto of the inductor type in combination with permanent magnets therefor, a nonmagnetic base, two rings supported in the base and having brackets on which rest one end of said magnets, a third ring supported on the base intermediate the first two rings and having a bracket to su port the other end of said magnets, all 0 said 7 rings assuming the polarity of the ends of the magnets which they support, a rotor of nonmagnetic material mounted within the rings, a coil and core therefor mounted within the magnets, said core having pole pieces extending into juxtaposition to the rotor, three flux rings mounted on the surface of the rotor and alined with the respective first named rings, wings on the flux pieces within the two first named rings extending longitudinally of the rotor and disposed 180 apart, oppositely extending wings on the flux piece within the said intermediate ring disposed 180 apart, the last named wings being alined with the first named wings respectively, whereby flux paths are established between the pole pieces of the magnets and the coil to lead the flux to the core in alternate directions for every half revolution ofthe rotor.

This specification signed this 18th day of October, A. D. 1920.

' HENRY J. MORAN. 

